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Impact of health expenditures on infant mortality in Africa
Bajer, Vladimír ; Šlegerová, Lenka (advisor) ; Bertoli, Paola (referee)
Each year, the infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births in Africa is more than 15 times higher than in the Czech Republic. This thesis investigates whether infant, neonatal and under-5 mortality rates could be lowered by an increase in health expenditures in Africa. We used data from 49 African countries for the last 20 available years, i.e., from 2000 to 2019. Applying the fixed effects estimation method for panel data, we examined the health expenditures as aggregate total current spending, and also separately as domestic private, domestic public and external. Our analyses showed significant negative relationships between both total current and external (i.e., direct foreign transfers and foreign transfers distributed by a government) health spending and infant/under-5 mortality. Additionally, under-5 mortality is also significantly affected by domestic private spending. On the contrary, no significant relationship between neonatal mortality and any health expenditure was found. Previously performed studies claimed that domestic public spending decreases studied mortalities too. However, our results imply that the effect of domestic public spending has disappeared and transferred instead into external and private health funds. Thus, it is crucial to invest in these segments more to lessen...
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Vliv stárnutí populace na udržitelnost veřejných financí
Ertlová, Simona
The Bachelor thesis deals with the influence of ageing population on sustainability of public finances. The theoretical definition and economic impact of ageing population is described in first part of the thesis. In addition, areas of public finances related to ageing population are selected and characterized. Subsequently, these relations are examined in the Czech Republic and Germany. A correlation analysis is performed and carried out to determine the correlation between public revenues and expenditures for ageing population. Subsequently, item of healthcare expenditure is selected for modelling in a simple regression analysis. The dependency of ageing population and healthcare expenditure is quantifies in this analysis.
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Analysis of the effectiveness of selected health policy measures of individual governments of the Czech Republic in the period 2005-2016
Šírková, Klára ; Lukášová, Tereza (advisor) ; Zubíková, Adéla (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse effectivity of the selected measures of health policy of the individual governments of the Czech Republic in the period 2005-2016. Special attention is paid to Policy Statements of the Government of the Czech Republic in the field of healthcare, and to comparison of these statements with subsequent government measures. The theoretical part deals with the general theory of the health policy and its influence on the economy. Furthermore, there is outlined the historical development of the health policy since its inception to implementation of the health policy in the Czech Republic. The practical part first analyses the individual program statements of the Governments and examines the subsequent measures. Then it is focused on the selected national economic indicators, such as healthcare spending and their structure or founding, and their development, which compares with the governmental measures in the given years. Finally, the work summarizes the findings and evaluate the benefits or pitfalls of various measures of health policy. This topic is very timely given the current development of the health policy in the Czech Republic.
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Development of health care costs in the Czech Republic in the period 2004 - 2016 depending on the demographic development
Remešová, Karolína ; Lukášová, Tereza (advisor) ; Barák, Vladimír (referee)
The subject of the bachelor thesis is the analysis of the development of costs of health care in the Czech Republic in the period 2004 - 2016, depending on the demographic development. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the author characterizes basic typology of health systems and demographic indicators, which are important in the creation of state policy in the field of health care. The practical part contains a detailed analysis of the total healthcare expenditures that are compared with the macroeconomic indicators and economic facts, and the analysis of the demographic processes over the monitored period. In 2014, total healthcare spending was nearly 300 billion crowns, which is the historical maximum, and in 2015 health care was 7,7 % of GDP. The demographic trend is the aging of the population and the decline in birth rates, which has a significant impact on the growth of total health expenditure. The author makes recommendations on reforming healthcare financing and effective functioning.
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Analysis of the impact of ageing on health care spending in selected countries of the Commonwealth
Konířová, Kristýna ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Analysis of the impact of ageing on health care spending in selected countries of the Commonwealth Abstract This thesis examines and analyses development of population ageing in Australia, Canada and New Zealand and especially its impact on the spending in the sector of health care. It includes comparison of demographic trends and description of health care systems in selected countries. The analysis is then processed by an econometric model focused on the impact of population ageing on government spending and spending of the private sector on health care through life expectancy at birth, ratio of population aged 65 years and above and other indicators. The modelling is carried out using linear regression, vector autoregression and fixed effects model in panel data. The results show that population ageing indeed affects through different intensity both government and private sector spending on health care in Australia, Canada and New Zealand.
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Impact of demographic changes on healthcare expenditures in the Czech Republic
Rybová, Kristýna ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
Impact of demographic changes on healthcare expenditures in the Czech Republic Abstract This work aims to analyse the influence of demographic changes on public healthcare expenditures in the Czech Republic. The first part displays particular factors having effect on healthcare expenditures with a special focus on demographic characteristics. In spite of the fact that the expenditure level seems to be mainly affected by the economic output of particular states and new technology development, while the influence of demographic fluctuation is of minor effect so far, this situation is likely to change. The next part presents the health care expenditures evolution in the Czech Republic from the beginning of the nineties. The data sources confirm that these expenditures keep growing just the same way as in other states in the world. The last part defines and quantifies the foreseen scenarios of the above mentioned health care expenditures depending upon demographic evolution. The results of those scenarios are being compared with other analysis results focusing on analyzing the influence of ageing process and health condition fluctuations on expenditure levels in the Czech Republic as well as in other EU countries. Keywords: population ageing, health care, costs of dying, health, new technologies, healthcare...
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